WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF BIELACTIVE? The cause of the disappearance of the dark pigment of the skin and the appearance of white spots of leukemia
there are genetic factors. The effect of a faulty system reaction was also documented
for the destruction of skin pigment producing cells.
Albinism - or congenital vitiligo
Vitellosis is also known as albinism - it means the innate inability to produce a dark-brown skin pigment - with the correct number and structure of the cells that produce this pigment. This defect is inherited, that is, transmitted in the genes by parents - children. Therefore, this form of the disease usually manifests itself in childhood, and then keeps the patient alive. Vitellosis is about 0.5% of the population. And at the outset it must be said that this form of vitiligo, so far is incurable!
How to recognize the risk of vitiligo in a child?
A child with so-called vitiligo (inherited) - since birth has a very light pink skin. The disease develops initially in the form of small discolored white spots. Gradually white "patches" on the skin can grow and connect with each other. As a consequence, they can take up large areas of the body. The hypersensitivity of the skin deprived of the sheath of pigment (melanin) to ultraviolet sunlight and UV lamps is characteristic. That is why it is very easy for both children and adults to form sun exposure to erythema, blisters, erosions and hyperkeratosis.
Congenital albinism can be generalized (complete) or partial (limited)
♦ A generalized form - it almost always occurs in a child who inherits from one gene responsible for the disease - both from the mother and from the father.
♦ Partial form - occurs after inheriting an abnormal gene from one of the parents. In this case, the transfer of the pathological gene will not always cause vitiligo in the child.
♦ Both forms of vitiligo differ from each other by pathomechanism and symptoms.
Congenital vitiligo - generalized
In the generalized form of the dark-brown melanin disease, it is deprived not only of the skin, but all organs. Interestingly, the inability to produce melanin occurs despite the fact that the cells producing this dark pigment - melanocytes - are numerous and properly constructed. However, the pathomechanism of the initiation and development of this form of the disease is not fully recognized.
Symptoms of congenital vitiligo - generalized
In the patient, the entire skin without melanin is always pale pink or whitish. Because, as we have already mentioned, melanin-free and other tissues and organs - that's why the hair is white or white-yellow, pink irises, and the pupils red (lack of melanin in choroid and iris!). A total variation is recognized when the lack of pigment covers over 80% of the skin surface. Total vitiligo is often accompanied by eye disorders (photophobia, nystagmus, changes in the retina) and sometimes mental disorders. Therefore, in case of total vitiligo, the patient should avoid staying in the sun.
Forms of congenital vitiligo - generalized
A generalized variety is often divided into several forms, in which the lesions are located on:
- face or distal parts of arms and legs
- for ordinary albinism - scattered patches symmetrically arranged on the skin of the entire body
- a form constituting a compilation of the above-mentioned symptoms (so-called mixed)
Partial congenital vitiligo (limited)
To occur this form of the disease is enough, as we mentioned earlier - the inheritance of an abnormal gene only from one of the parents. What's important - giving the child a pathological gene does not always cause vitiligo.In contrast to generalized vitiligo, no pigment-producing cells are found in pigmented skin tissue - melanocytes, or have some abnormalities in morphological structure.
Symptoms of congenital vitiligo - partial (limited)
Vitiligo is present in the form of discoloration of the skin and hair. It often forms along the course of the nerves. Most often they are found on the midline of the forehead, whereby discoloration may also apply to hair, eyebrows and eyelashes. In this type of disease discoloration does not appear on the skin of the hands and feet. People with this disease sometimes have many colors of the iris. The described changes appear from birth and keep constantly. In this type of disease, only dyes lacking dye are required to protect against solar radiation.
The characteristic forms of symptoms are also distinguished in a limited variety of albinism:
- a figure limited to 1 or 2 bleach spots
- segmented form
- a figure concerning only mucous membranes
In addition, disease-related syndromes are distinguished in the limited (partial) vitiligo
In the vitiligo syndromes partial skin lesions may be accompanied by other disorders. One of such bands is, for example, Mende's team, in which the dehumidification is accompanied by a deaf-mute.
ed. Edward Ozga Michalski, MA
dermatological consultation drug. med Dorota Bystrzanowska
I invite residents of Warsaw and the surrounding area
to use the services of my Dermatology office
Doctor dermatologist - Private Medical Cabinet Ul. Klaudyny 18 Warsaw / Żoliborz
Contact for appointment (22) 676-69-86 0-603-753-493 [email protected]
Literature
1 / Advances in the treatment of acne vulgaris - Dr med. Maria Barancewicz-Łosek, lek. med. Wojciech Baran Chair and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology of Medical University in Wroclaw; Head: prof. dr hab. med. Eugeniusz Baran WYd. THERAPY- DERMATOLOGY - MARCH 2005
2 / Błaszczyk-Kostanecka M., Chodynicka B., Gliński W. et al .: Acne vulgaris: pathogenesis and principles of treatment. Overview. Dermatol. 1998, 85 (1), 3-19.
3 / Practical Dermatology; dermatologists: Małgorzata Opalińska, Katarzyna Prystupa, Wadim Stąpór, Wyd. Lek. PZWL 1997.
