Treatment of allergic diseases, dependent on specific IgE immunoglobulins.
Composition:
The basic treatment kit contains 4 vials with extracts of plant, animal, house dust mite or hymenoptera venom allergens. Concentration: vial 1 - 100 SQ-U / ml, vial 2 - 1000 SQ-U / ml, vial 3 - 10000 SQ-U / ml, vial 4 - 100000 SQ-U / ml. Maintenance kit for 100,000 SQ-U / ml.
Action:
Specimen for specific immunotherapy containing extracts of various allergens such as plant pollen, horse's fur, dog and cat, house dust mites and bees or wasps venom. Adsorption of the allergen to aluminum hydroxide causes slow release of the preparation from the injection site, which reduces allergenicity and probably prolongs the stimulation time of the immune system.
Contraindications:
Diseases of the immune complex, immunodeficiency. Diseases or conditions that prevent the treatment of potential anaphylactic reactions (eg chronic heart and lung diseases, severe hypertension). Treatment with beta-blockers. Renal failure and disorders. Malignant neoplasms. Severe uncontrolled bronchial asthma and / or irreversible airway obstruction (FEV1 consistently below 70% of the value predicted after the appropriate pharmacological treatment). Treatment with ACE inhibitors (only for allergenic extracts of hymenoptera venom). Children under 5 years old. Do not give intravascularly.
Precautions:
Administration should be postponed or the dose should be modified if: fever or other symptoms of acute or chronic infection occur, allergic symptoms occur within 3-4 days before surgery, significant deterioration of lung function (peak flow deterioration or FEV decline)1 up to ≤70% of the due value), exacerbation of atopic dermatitis, systemic reactions or local reactions after an earlier dose of the preparation.
Pregnancy and lactation:
Specific immunotherapy should not be initiated in pregnant women. If the treatment was started before pregnancy, it can only be continued after careful consideration of the risk / benefit ratio (possible anaphylactic shock). There are no clinical data on use during breastfeeding.
Side effects:
Very common: early or delayed local reactions (swelling, redness, pain, pruritus, urticaria) and subcutaneous nodules at the injection site. Common: early or delayed systemic reactions (urticaria, fatigue, wheezing, tightness in the chest, hot flushes, rhinitis, cough, sneezing, conjunctivitis, asthma attack, headache, pruritus, anxiety). The local and general reactions may occur both within 30 min after administration (early reaction) and within 24 hours after injection (late reaction). Rare: anaphylactic reaction (angioedema, bronchospasm or lungs, shortness of breath, swelling of the tongue, throat or mouth, sneezing, runny nose, laryngeal edema, changes in the voice, larynx, nausea, abdominal cramps and pains, vomiting, diarrhea, consciousness) leading in severe cases to anaphylactic shock.
Dosage:
Subcutaneously. Dosage is selected individually depending on the general condition of the patient, allergen data and patient's sensitivity to a specific antigen. Base phase: the preparation should be administered at 1-week intervals, gradually increasing the dose until the maximum tolerated dose is reached. Maintenance treatment: the maximum tolerated dose should be administered (maximum 100000 SQ-U), gradually prolonging the breaks to 2, 4 and 6 weeks, then continue the treatment, giving the preparation every 6 weeks +/- 2 weeks for 3-5 years.
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