Prostaglandin analog F2α, a selective prostanoid agonist of FP receptors. It reduces intraocular pressure by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor. It increases the choroid-scleral flow and reduces the flow resistance. The drug has no significant effect on the production of aqueous humor, does not affect the blood-liquid barrier. The reduction in intraocular pressure occurs about 3-4 hours after application, the maximum effectiveness is achieved after 8-12 h, the effect is maintained for at least 24 h. Latanoprost is an inactive prodrug that is well absorbed through the cornea. When it is penetrated through the cornea into aqueous humor it is completely hydrolyzed to the biologically active latanoprost acid. The maximum concentration of the drug in aqueous humor occurs approximately 2 hours after administration. It is distributed mainly to the anterior segment of the eye, conjunctiva and eyelids, only small amounts reach the posterior segment of the eye. Metabolism occurs mainly in the liver. Inactive metabolites are mainly excreted in the urine. T0,5 drug in plasma is 17 min.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to the components of the preparation.
Precautions:
Caution should be exercised when using the preparation in patients with closed-angle, open-angle glaucoma in patients with pseudophakia, pigmented glaucoma, inflammatory glaucoma, neovascular glaucoma, congenital glaucoma, inflammation of the eye, in the perioperative period after cataract removal, with afakia, pseudoafakią with discontinued posterior capsule or with front chamber anesthesia, in patients at risk of cystic macular edema (patients with diabetic retinopathy and retinal vascular retinal capillaries) and in patients prone to iritis or uveitis. Use caution in patients with severe or unstable asthma. During treatment, the pigmentation of the iris may change; treatment can be continued, however, patients should be regularly examined and if the clinical condition requires it, treatment should be discontinued. The product is not recommended in children due to lack of data on safety and efficacy.
Pregnancy and lactation:
The preparation should not be used during pregnancy. Latanoprost and its metabolites can penetrate into breast milk. Do not use in breast-feeding women or stop breast-feeding.
Side effects:
Very common: increased pigmentation of the iris (most commonly in people with mixed iris color eg: blue-brown, gray-brown, yellow-brown and green-brown), eye irritation (including the feeling of a foreign body in the eye), changes in appearance eyelashes and follicle hair (lengthening, thickening, darkening and increasing the amount). Common: mild to moderate conjunctival hyperemia, transient punctate squamous defects (mostly asymptomatic), blepharitis, eye pain. Uncommon: eyelid edema, rash. Rarely: iritis or uveitis, periorbital edema, changes in the direction of eyelash growth (this may cause eye irritation), the appearance of a double row of eyelashes on the holes of the thyroid glands; asthma, exacerbation of asthma, shortness of breath; local skin reactions on the eyelids, darkening of the skin on the eyelids. Very rare: intensification of angina pectoris; pain in the chest. Frequency unknown: macular edema; discoloration of the orbital skin area - mainly in patients of Japanese nationality.
Dosage:
Adults: 1 drop into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye (eyes) once a day, preferably in the evening. Do not administer the preparation more than once a day. Immediately after instillation, it is recommended to compress the conjunctival sac in the medial part of the eyelid per minute. If the patient uses more than one eye medicine, each of these medicines should be administered with a 5-minute break. If you miss one dose, continue with the Next scheduled dose.
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