Treatment of increased intraocular pressure in patients with: ocular hypertension, open-angle glaucoma, pellicular glaucoma.
Composition:
1 ml of solution contains 20 mg of dorzolamide in the form of hydrochloride. The preparation contains benzalkonium chloride.
Action:
A strong inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase II in the form of an ophthalmic preparation. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the ciliary processes of the eye reduces the amount of aqueous humor released. As a result, the intraocular pressure is reduced. After topical ocular administration, dorzolamide lowers elevated intraocular pressure, regardless of whether it is associated with glaucoma. After topical application, dorzolamide passes into the systemic circulation.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to dorzolamide or to any of the excipients. Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 ml / min) or hyperchloraemic acidosis.
Precautions:
The treatment of patients with acute angle-closure glaucoma necessitates, apart from administering anti-hypertensive medications, other therapeutic interventions, the use of dorzolamide in patients with this diagnosis has not been studied. Caution should be exercised in patients with hepatic impairment (the use of these patients has not been studied); in patients with a history of kidney stones (risk of urolithiasis); in patients with pre-existing chronic corneal defects and / or a positive history of intraocular surgery (risk of corneal edema and irreversible corneal decompensation). In the use of agents that inhibit the production of aqueous humor, cases of choroidal dissection have been reported following filtration. The preparation should be discontinued if hypersensitivity reactions or serious side effects occur (adverse reactions typical of the sulfonamides generally administered) as well as local side effects, such as conjunctivitis or eyelid irritation, may occur. There have been no studies on the use of dorzolamide for patients prior to 36 weeks of gestation and <1. weeks of life; in patients with significant immaturity of the renal tubules, dorzolamide should only be used after careful consideration of the benefit / risk ratio due to the possibility of metabolic acidosis. The drops contain benzalkonium chloride, which may cause eye irritation and discoloration of soft contact lenses; the contact lenses should be removed before instillation; they can be put on again 15 minutes after instillation.
Pregnancy and lactation:
Do not use during pregnancy and during breastfeeding.
Side effects:
Very often: burning and stinging in the eye. Common: headache, superficial punctate keratitis, lacrimation, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, itchy eyes, eye irritation, blurred vision, nausea, bitter aftertaste, weakness, fatigue. Uncommon: inflammation of the iris and ciliary body. Rarely: paresthesia, dizziness, irritation (including redness) of the eye, eye pain, eyelid stickiness, transient myopia (receding after cessation of therapy), corneal edema, decreased eye strain, choroidal detachment after filtration, nosebleeds, throat irritation , dry mouth, contact dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermolysis of the epidermis, urolithiasis, hypersensitivity (signs and symptoms of local reactions, including eyelid responses and signs of general allergic reactions, including angioneurotic edema, bronchospasm, urticaria, pruritus). There were no clinically significant electrolyte disturbances associated with the use of dorzolamide.Children: burning and stinging sensation in the eye, conjunctival hyperaemia, eye pain; less frequently (<4%) swelling and occlusion of the cornea; Metabolic acidosis has been reported post-marketing in very young patients, particularly immaturity or impaired renal function.
Dosage:
Monotherapy: 1 drop into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye (eyes) 3 times a day.In adjunctive therapy in combination with topical β-blockers: 1 drop into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye (eyes) twice a day. When using several topical ophthalmic medications, a minimum of 10 minutes should be allowed between the instillation of subsequent medications.Children: the amount of available clinical data on the use of the drug in three daily doses is limited.
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