The drug is made. Paracetamol has analgesic, antipyretic and weakly anti-inflammatory effects. The mechanism of action of paracetamol is associated with the inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 and 1, which reduces the synthesis of prostaglandins. The action after oral administration occurs after approx. 30 min. and persists for about 4-6 h. It is quickly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Biological availability after oral administration reaches 90%. It binds to plasma proteins in 20-30%. Metabolized in the liver and excreted in urine. Pseudoephedrine is an ephedrine isomer with about 4 times weaker potency. It is an alpha-adrenergic agonist, it causes contraction of fine arterioles of the nasal mucosa, reducing congestion and edema. The onset of action after oral administration appears within 15-30 minutes. and persists for 3-4 h. It is quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, it is rapidly distributed in the body. It is slightly metabolised in the liver, about 70-90% of the administered dose is excreted in the urine within 24 hours.0,5 depends on the pH of the urine; the alkaline reaction may be lengthened and shortened at acidic pH. Dextromethorphan is a derivative of morphine with a central antitussive effect. In addition, it is an NMDA receptor agonist within the CNS and has a weak analgesic effect. The action appears within 15-30 minutes. from oral administration and persists for 5-6 h. It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Tmax It is about 2 hours. It is excreted by the kidneys in unchanged form or in the form of metabolites. T0,5 is 1.4 - 3.9 h. Guaifenesin has an expectorant effect, stimulates the bronchial mucosa to produce mucus. It causes thinning and liquefaction of the secretion, which facilitates its deformation. It is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is metabolised in the liver and excreted in the urine, mainly in the form of metabolites.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to the components of the preparation. Hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, impaired urination associated with prostate diseases, severe renal and hepatic failure, anemia, children under 6 years. Simultaneous use with other drugs containing paracetamol. The use of antidepressants containing a monoamine oxidase inhibitor or anti-Parkinson's agents. Do not use the preparation for 2 weeks after discontinuation of monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Precautions:
Do not use doses higher than recommended. In the case of nervousness, dizziness, insomnia, the patient should be instructed to discontinue the preparation and consult a physician. Similarly, if the cough persists for more than 7 days and the fever lasts longer than 3 days. The use of the preparation in patients with liver failure, alcohol abuse and malnourishment increases the risk of liver damage. During the use of the drug should not consume alcohol due to the increased risk of toxic liver damage. Caution should be exercised when used in people with slow metabolism, e.g. in the elderly, due to the increased likelihood of side effects associated with dextromethorphan.
Pregnancy and lactation:
The drug should not be used in pregnant women and during breast-feeding.
Side effects:
Rarely: sensory and taste disorders, dizziness, blurred vision, drowsiness, anxiety, nervousness, irritability, hallucinations, personality disorders, psychomotor agitation, hallucinations; nausea, vomiting, heartburn. Very rare: anemia, methaemoglobinaemia, agranulocytosis. Frequency unknown: arrhythmias, changes in blood pressure; bronchial asthma attack; acute renal failure, renal papillary necrosis, urolithiasis, urinary retention (increased risk of developing renal failure is associated with prolonged use of the drug, especially in patients with coexisting kidney disease); rash, dermatitis, eruptions; generalized hypersensitivity reactions, anaphylactic reaction; liver and biliary symptoms of varying severity, from clinically insignificant elevations of liver enzymes to liver damage.Hepatotoxic effects are particularly pronounced in cases of malnutrition, alcoholism and co-morbidities, as well as when taking certain medications.
Dosage:
Orally. Adults and children over 12 years of age: 2 tablets every 6-8 hours, maximum 8 tabl. daily or by doctor's prescription. Children 6-12 age: 1 tabl. every 6-8 hours, maximum 4 tables. daily or by doctor's prescription. Adults should not take the drug for more than 10 days, and children should stay for 5 days.
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