Desloratadine is a sedative, long-acting histamine antagonist with selective antagonistic activity towards peripheral H-receptors1. Antiallergic properties of desloratadine include inhibiting the release of cytokines inducing an inflammatory response (i.e., IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-13) from human mast cells and basophils, as well as inhibiting the expression of P-selectin on the surface of endothelial cells. In patients with allergic rhinitis, desloratadine effectively relieves symptoms such as sneezing, pruritus, nasal discharge, as well as tearing and redness of the eyes and itching of the palate. In patients with urticaria, it reduces the number and size of urticarial lesions and soothes pruritus. Desloratadine practically does not penetrate to o.u.n., thanks to which it does not exert a calming effect, does not cause drowsiness or does not affect psychomotor activity. Desloratadine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (about 30 min), reaching Cmax after about 3 h. The effect of the drug is maintained for 24 h. Plasma protein binding is 83-87%. T0,5 is 27 hours.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to the active substance, loratadine or to any of the excipients.
Precautions:
Use with caution in patients with severe renal impairment. Due to the lactose content, the preparation should not be used in patients with galactose intolerance, Lapp lactase deficiency or malabsorption of glucose-galactose.
Pregnancy and lactation:
The safety of the medicine during pregnancy has not been established, use is not recommended. Desloratadine is excreted in breast milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue breast-feeding or discontinue the preparation, taking into account the benefits of breastfeeding for the child and the benefits of treatment for the mother.
Side effects:
Common: tiredness, dryness of the oral mucosa, headache. Very rare: hallucinations, dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia, psychomotor agitation, convulsions, tachycardia, palpitations, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, diarrhea, increased liver enzymes, increased bilirubin, hepatitis, muscle pain, hypersensitivity reactions (such as: anaphylaxis, angioneurotic edema, dyspnoea, pruritus, rash, urticaria). Frequency not known: QT prolongation, jaundice, hypersensitivity to light, weakness. In addition, an unknown frequency in children and adolescents: prolongation of the QT interval, arrhythmia, bradycardia.
Dosage:
Orally. Adults and adolescents ≥12 years: 1 tabl. powl. once a day. In the treatment of periodic allergic rhinitis (symptoms occur less than 4 days a week or less than 4 weeks), treatment should be discontinued after the symptoms have resolved and resumed at the time of their recurrence. In chronic allergic rhinitis (symptoms occur for 4 days in a week or more and for more than 4 weeks) you can continue treatment during the period of exposure to the allergen. The safety and efficacy of tablets for children <12 years, efficacy between 12 and 17 years have not been established. The drug can be taken regardless of meals.
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