Desloratadine is a sedative, long-acting histamine antagonist with selective antagonistic activity towards peripheral H-receptors1. Antiallergic properties of desloratadine include inhibiting the release of cytokines inducing an inflammatory response (i.e., IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-13) from human mast cells and basophils, as well as inhibiting the expression of P-selectin on the surface of endothelial cells. In patients with allergic rhinitis, desloratadine is effective in relieving symptoms such as sneezing, pruritus, nasal discharge, as well as itching, tearing and redness of the eyes and pruritis. In patients with urticaria, it reduces the number and size of urticarial lesions and soothes pruritus. Desloratadine does not easily penetrate to o.u.n., so that it practically does not exert a calming effect, does not cause drowsiness or does not affect psychomotor activity. Desloratadine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (about 30 min), reaching Cmax after about 3 h. Plasma protein binding is 83-87%. T0,5 is 27 hours.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to the active substance, loratadine or to any of the excipients.
Precautions:
Use with caution in patients with severe renal impairment. The safety and efficacy of desloratadine oral solution in infants up to 1 year have not been established. Desloratadine has not been studied in children <2 years of age who have a slow metabolism. The safety of desloratadine in children from 2 to 11 years of age who have a slowed metabolism is the same as in children with normal metabolism. Due to the content of sorbitol, the oral solution should not be used in patients with fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption or sucrase-isomaltase deficiency.
Pregnancy and lactation:
The safety of the preparation during pregnancy has not been established, therefore desloratadine is not recommended during pregnancy. Desloratadine is excreted in breast milk, therefore it is not recommended for breastfeeding women.
Side effects:
In adults and adolescents, the most common side effects were: tiredness, dry mouth, headache; in infants and children from 6 to 23 months: diarrhea, fever, insomnia. Other side effects observed very rarely after marketing: hallucinations, dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia, psychomotor agitation, convulsions, tachycardia, palpitations, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, diarrhea, increased liver enzymes, increased bilirubin , hepatitis, muscle pain, hypersensitivity reactions (including anaphylactic reaction, angioneurotic edema, dyspnoea, pruritus, rash, urticaria).
Dosage:
Orally. Adults and adolescents ≥12 years: 5 mg (10 ml) once a day; children 6-11 years: 2.5 mg (5 ml) once a day; children 1-5 years: 1.25 mg (2.5 ml) once a day. There is insufficient data from clinical studies on the efficacy of desloratadine in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. In periodic allergic rhinitis (symptoms occur less than 4 days in a week or less than 4 weeks), treatment should be discontinued after the symptoms have resolved and resumed when they recur. In chronic allergic rhinitis (symptoms occur for 4 days in a week or more and for more than 4 weeks) you can continue treatment during the period of exposure to the allergen.Way of giving. The drug can be taken regardless of meals.
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