Acute inflammation of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses or allergic inflammation of the nasal mucosa.
Composition:
1 g nasal drops contain 10 mg or 20 mg ephedrine hydrochloride.
Action:
A sympathomimetic drug for topical use, it has a weak direct effect on the α- and β-adrenergic receptors. When applied locally to the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract, it narrows the peripheral blood vessels, eliminates the swelling of tissues and eliminates inflammation. Methylcellulose - an excipient of the preparation - prolongs the contact of the active substance with the nasal mucosa, without inhibiting the activity of the epithelial clam, and reduces the risk of penetration of the infection from the nasal cavity to the larynx. The active substance is absorbed in 64%; it is distributed quickly throughout the body. T0,5 is 3-11 h. It is poorly metabolised in the liver. Approximately 95% of the absorbed dose is excreted within 24 hours in the urine, mainly unchanged, only 10% as a metabolite - norephedrine.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to ephedrine and other sympathomimetic amines, arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias (especially paroxysmal tachycardia), acute coronary insufficiency, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma with a closed angle of perception, general anesthesia with cyclopropane or halothane.
Precautions:
The drug should be used with caution in patients with: diabetes, hypertrophy of the prostate gland, cardiovascular disease, and angina pectoris. Long-term use in hyperactive patients should be avoided. Tachyphylaxis can occur within a few days after starting treatment. After long-term use of the drug, tolerance and addiction were observed.
Pregnancy and lactation:
The drug should not be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Side effects:
Acceleration of heart rate, increase in blood pressure, palpitations, tachycardia and other arrhythmia, hyperactivity, anxiety, anxiety, tremors, headache, difficulty falling asleep, nausea, vomiting, dry nose and throat, difficulty urinating, especially patients with prostatic hyperplasia and rare cases of skin allergy in the form of a rash. After long-term use, addiction may develop, which is associated with an increase in psychosis aggressiveness.
Dosage:
Intranasally. Drop 1-3 drops of Efrinol 1% or 1-2 drops of Efrinol 2% into each nostril 2-5 times a day. The drug should not be used for more than 5 days.
(C)
