Index of drugs

Diabetes that requires insulin therapy. Diabetes in pregnant women.

1 vial (10 ml) contains 1000 IU and one pen cartridge (3 ml) contains 300 IU. soluble human insulin.

The preparation contains short-acting human insulin, obtained by recombinant bacterial DNAE. coli. Insulin reduces the level of Glucose in the blood. In addition, it has anabolic and anti-catabolic effect - different depending on the type of tissue. In muscle tissue, it increases the synthesis of glycogen, fatty acids, glycerol and proteins, increases amino acid uptake while reducing the intensity of glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, ketogenesis, lipolysis, protein catabolism and amino acid consumption.

Hypoglycemia. Hypersensitivity to insulin or other components of the preparation, unless it is part of the desensitization program.

Changing the type or brand of insulin used may result in the need to modify the dosage - strict medical supervision is advisable. If the preparation is changed from animal-derived insulin to human insulin, a dose adjustment may be required in some patients (this should happen with the first dose of the new insulin or during the first few weeks or months of use). In patients who have improved their glycemic control (eg by using intensive insulin therapy), hypoglycaemia warning signs may be less pronounced or absent. Other situations that may change or diminish the early warning symptoms of hypoglycaemia: long-term diabetes, diabetic neuropathy, concomitant use of certain drugs (eg beta-blockers), change from animal-derived insulin to human insulin. Inadequate dosing or discontinuation of treatment, especially in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, may lead to hyperglycaemia and ketoacidosis. The insulin requirement may change significantly in the case of diseases of the pancreas, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, renal or liver dysfunction. Insulin requirements may be increased during high-fever, severe infection, gastrointestinal diseases and disorders, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, slow gastric emptying and malabsorption, as well as in emotional disorders. Dose modification may also be necessary in the event of a change in the patient's physical activity or diet. Insulin resistance may develop during long-term insulin therapy - if it occurs, higher doses of insulin should be used. Patients being treated with pioglitazone in combination with insulin have a risk of heart failure (particularly in patients with risk factors for heart failure) - this should be taken into account when considering combination therapy with pioglitazone and the preparation. If combined treatment is used, patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of heart failure, weight gain and edema; should discontinue pioglitazone if the cardiovascular symptoms worsen.

The preparation can be used during pregnancy. During pregnancy, patients with diabetes need careful monitoring of glucose and overall health. The demand for insulin usually decreases in the first trimester and increases in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, after delivery it decreases rapidly. In patients with breastfeeding diabetes, dosage and / or diet may need to be adjusted because lactation is less demanding during pregnancy than pre-pregnancy, and 6 to 9 months after the initial requirement.

The most common side effect is hypoglycaemia. Severe hypoglycaemia may lead to unconsciousness and, in extreme cases, death. Common: local allergic reaction (erythema, edema, itching). Uncommon: Lipodystrophy at the injection site.Very rare: systemic manifestations of hypersensitivity (rash all over the body, shortness of breath, wheezing, low blood pressure, accelerated pulse, sweating), in severe cases life may be life-threatening.

Individually, according to the patient's need for insulin. The preparation should be administered within 15 minutes before a meal. The preparation is given by subcutaneous injections into the abdomen, buttocks, thigh or upper arm. Injection sites should be changed within the same area, so that the same site is not used more often than about once a month. Although not recommended, the preparation can be given by intramuscular injection. Under special circumstances, the preparation can be administered intravenously. The preparation can be used in intensive insulin therapy as postprandial insulin, prandial insulin. Insulin Gensulin R can be co-administered with Gensulin N. The preparation can be used in combination with oral antidiabetic agents, eg Metformin or glimepiride.