Intravenous injections are indicated for short-term use if the oral dosage form can not be administered: in patients with refractory active gastric and duodenal ulcer disease; in patients hospitalized with excessive gastric acid secretion (e.g., Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, endocrine adenocarcinoma). In addition, the preparation is used as an aid in the treatment of the above-mentioned conditions involving bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Composition:
1 vial contains 20 mg famotidine.
Action:
A competitive inhibitor of histamine H receptors2. Famotidine inhibits the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. It reduces both the acidity and volume of gastric juice, while the reduction of pepsin secretion is proportional to the amount of gastric juice secretion. Famotidine inhibits the basic and nocturnal secretion of hydrochloric acid, as well as stimulated by pentagastrin, betazol, Caffeine, insulin and a physiological reflex of the vagus nerve. After intravenous administration, the strongest effect occurs within 30 min. Single intravenous doses (10 and 20 mg) inhibit nocturnal secretion for 10-12 hours. Famotidine binds to 15-20% of plasma proteins. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine (65-70%) and metabolic pathways (30-35%). 65-70% of the intravenous dose is excreted in urine unchanged within 24 hours after administration. T0,5 in plasma is 2.3-3.5 hours. In patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 10 ml / min)0,5 may exceed 20 hours.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to the components of the preparation and other medicines from the group of H receptor antagonists2. Children.
Precautions:
Special care should be taken in patients with renal insufficiency and in elderly patients.
Pregnancy and lactation:
In pregnancy, the drug can only be used if clearly necessary. Famotidine passes into breast milk - during breastfeeding, a choice should be made between discontinuation of feeding and further administration.
Side effects:
The following may occur: pain and dizziness, constipation, diarrhea. Rarely observed: fever, asthenia, fatigue; arrhythmia, atrio-ventricular block, palpitations; bronchial spasm; nausea and vomiting, discomfort in the abdomen, lack of appetite, dry mouth, increased liver enzymes, cholestatic jaundice; musculoskeletal pain, arthralgia, muscle cramps; generalized seizures, transient psychiatric disorders (hallucinations, confusion, agitation, depression, anxiety), decreased libido, paresthesia, insomnia, excessive sleepiness; tinnitus, taste disorders; hematological disorders (agranulocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia); hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis, angioneurotic edema, urticaria, rash, orbital or facial edema, conjunctivitis). Very rare: cutaneous necrosis, alopecia, acne, urticaria, dry skin, redness. At the injection site transient skin redness may occur.
Dosage:
Intravenously in a slow injection (2 min) or in a drip infusion administered within 15-30 min. Active peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum or patients with bleeding ulceration of the upper gastrointestinal tract who can not take the medicine orally: 20 mg intravenously. This dose can be administered every 12 hours. The maximum daily dose is 40 mg famotidine. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: the usual starting dose is 20 mg every 6 hours. In renal insufficiency with a creatinine clearance below 30 ml / min, the daily dose should be reduced to 20 mg once daily (administered at bedtime) or to prolong the interval between doses to 36-48 h depending on the patient's individual response to the drug.
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