Disorders of cognitive processes in dementia syndromes, excluding Alzheimer's disease. Myoclonus of cortical origin.
Composition:
1 ampoule (5 ml) contains 1.0 g of piracetam.
Action:
A nootropic drug. It increases the abilities used in cognitive processes, such as: learning, memory, attention and consciousness, without a calming or stimulating effect. Affects o.u.n. in various ways: modulates the conduction of nerve impulses in the brain, improves the plasticity of neurons, protects their metabolic homeostasis and improves microcirculation thanks to their blood flow properties, without vasodilating effect. Piracetam protects and restores cognitive abilities in patients with various types of brain damage. It shortens the duration of provoked nystagmus. In the case of dementia of vascular origin or acute cerebral ischemia, it facilitates the local supply of oxygen and glucose. The drug does not bind to plasma proteins. It penetrates the blood-brain barrier, the maximum concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid is reached after about 5 hours, and T0,5 in the cerebrospinal fluid is about 8.5 hours. The drug penetrates the placental barrier and into breast milk. It is not metabolised in the body. It is mainly excreted in urine in unchanged form. T0,5 is about 5 hours.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to Piracetam, other pyrrolidone derivatives or any of the excipients. Severe renal failure (creatinine clearance <20 ml / min). Brain hemorrhage. Huntington's chorea.
Precautions:
Use with caution in patients with impaired renal function; with haemostatic disorders, undergoing major surgery, with severe haemorrhage; in elderly patients. You should not stop taking piracetam suddenly in patients with myoclonus because the risk of myoclonic or generalized seizures is increased.
Pregnancy and lactation:
Do not use during pregnancy unless clearly necessary. Avoid use during breastfeeding or discontinue feeding during treatment with piracetam.
Side effects:
Common: hyperkinesia, weight gain, nervousness. Uncommon: drowsiness, depression, asthenia. In addition: ataxia, unbalance, worsening of epilepsy symptoms, insomnia, fatigue, headache and dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, epigastric pain, anaphylactoid reactions, hypersensitivity reactions (mainly cutaneous), agitation, anxiety , confusion, hallucinations, angioneurotic edema, dermatitis, pruritus, urticaria. There have been rare reports of pain at the injection site, phlebitis with thrombosis, fever or hypotension.
Dosage:
Intravenously or intramuscularly.Treatment of cognitive disorders: 4.8 g / day for the first weeks of treatment, then reduce the dose to 2.4 g / day; the dose should be reduced by 1.2 g / day. The daily dose is given in 2 or 3 divided doses.Treatment of cortical myoclonus: Initially 7.2 g / day. If necessary, the dose is increased every 3-4 days by 4.8 g / day, up to a maximum dose of 24 g / day. The daily dose is given in 2 or 3 divided doses. In combination with other antimusconics, doses of other medicines should be maintained at the recommended therapeutic dose. If a clinical improvement is achieved and it is possible - doses of other drugs should be reduced. People with myoclonus may occasionally develop symptoms, so every 6 months should try to reduce the dose or discontinuation of the drug. For this purpose, the dose should be reduced by 1.2 g every 2 days to prevent sudden relapse.Special groups of patients. Patients with renal insufficiency: creatinine clearance 40-60 ml / min: use 1/2 dose; 20-40 ml / min: 1/4 doses; <20 ml / min: the drug is contraindicated. No dose adjustment is required in patients with impaired hepatic function.
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