To supplement and maintain adequate circulating blood volume in cases of decreased blood volume and to indicate the use of colloid. The choice of albumin instead of the artificial colloidal solution depends on the clinical condition of the patient and takes into account the official recommendations.
Composition:
1 ml of solution contains 200 mg of total protein, including at least 95% of human albumin.
Action:
The drug has a hyperonkotic effect. The 20% albumin solution has 4 times higher osmotic and oncotic properties than human plasma. Under normal circumstances, the albumin half-life is approximately 19 days. The elimination takes place mainly intracellularly thanks to lysosomal proteases. There are significant individual differences regarding the effect of albumin on the volume of plasma. In some patients, plasma volume may remain elevated for several hours after infusion. In critically ill patients, albumin can escape from the intravascular space in significant amounts at unpredictable rates.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to albumin preparations or to any of the excipients.
Precautions:
Due to the possibility of hypervolaemia or hemodilution, caution should be used in patients with: decompensated heart failure, hypertension, esophageal varices, pulmonary edema, hemorrhagic diathesis, severe anemia, renal or non-renal anuria. If clinical manifestations of cardiovascular overload (headache, dyspnoea, jugular vein overload) or increased blood pressure, increased central venous pressure and pulmonary edema occur, the infusion should be stopped immediately. Suspicion of an allergic or anaphylactic reaction requires immediate interruption of the infusion; in the event of a shock, appropriate treatment should be applied. Despite the use of inactivation methods of infectious agents, the transfer of known and unknown pathogens can not be completely ruled out.
Pregnancy and lactation:
The safety of the preparation during pregnancy has not been established. Clinical experience in the use of human albumin suggests that no harmful effects on pregnancy, fetal or newborn development are expected. Human albumin is a natural component of human plasma.
Side effects:
Rare: facial flushing, hives, fever, nausea. In very rare cases, a shock may occur.
Dosage:
Intravenous infusion: individual dosage, depending on the patient's condition, patient's body weight, intensity of loss of fluids or proteins. The required volume of circulating fluids (not plasma albumin) should be considered for dose determination. Human albumin can be administered directly or after dilution in 0.9% NaCl solution. The infusion rate should be adjusted individually to the patient's condition and indications; when replacing plasma, the infusion rate should be adjusted to the rate of removal.
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