Hyponatremia. Hypotonic prescription (water intoxication). Prominent in metabolic alkalosis.
Composition:
1 ml of concentrate contains 100 mg of sodium chloride.
Action:
Hypertonic sodium chloride solution used in disorders of water and electrolyte management. Sodium and chlorine ions are necessary for the proper functioning of the body. Deficiency of these ions often occurs in hypoosmotic dehydration, after excessive loss with body fluids. The preparation is usually used as an additive to other pharmacochemically compatible infusion fluids in order to increase the amount of ions administered without excessive fluid loading; should not be used without dilution.
Exercise caution in decompensated heart failure and in liver cirrhosis. During treatment, the concentration of sodium, potassium and chloride in the serum should be determined and the water balance should be controlled.
Pregnancy and lactation:
There are no contraindications for the use of dilute sodium chloride during pregnancy and breast-feeding. The use of the preparation should be under the supervision of a physician, because the hypertonic solution may have a harmful effect on the fetus.
Side effects:
Hypernatremia. Hyperchloremia. Local vascular reactions: pain and redness if the solution is administered too quickly or not sufficiently diluted.
Dosage:
Intravenously, in a drip infusion after previous dilution or as an addition to infusion solutions. Individually, depending on the clinical picture and results of determinations of water and electrolyte balance parameters.Hyponatremia. In each case, the cause of hyponatremia should be determined and its elimination should be sought. In symptomatic hyponatremia lasting less than 24 hours, Na should be raised+ in serum up to 120- 125 mmol / l in 24 hours or in less time. In patients with symptomatic chronic hyponatraemia or hyponatremia with unpredictable duration, Na+ in the serum should be increased at a rate of 0.5 mmol / l to achieve a concentration of 120-125 mmol / l. In this way, complications from the central nervous system or pulmonary edema can be avoided. Increase in Na concentration+ in serum within 24 hours should not exceed 12 mmol / l.Water poisoning. The most commonly administered is a 3% or 5% sodium chloride solution. Do not give more than 100 ml / hour. In 1 ml of 3% NaCl solution there is 0.51 mmol Na+and in 1 ml of 5% NaCl solution - 0.86 mmol Na+.
(C)
