Potassium Chloride 0.3% + Sodium Chloride 0.9% B. Braun
Potassium Chloride 0.3% + Sodium Chloride 0.9% B. Braun, B. Braun
indications:
Correction and maintenance of balance in the concentration of potassium, sodium and chloride and fluids, depending on the clinical condition of the patient. The solution is intended in particular for the treatment of hypokalemia, hypo- and isotonic dehydration and hypochlora alkalosis.
Composition:
1000 ml of solution contains 3 g of potassium chloride and 9 g of sodium chloride (potassium 40 mmol / l, sodium concentration 154 mmol / l, chloride concentration 194 mmol / l). Theoretical osmolarity 348 mOsmol / L (approximately 388 mOsmol / L). pH 4.5-7.
Action:
Contraindications:
Hyperkalemia. Severe renal failure with oliguria, anuria or azotemia. Hyperchloremia. Excessive hydration.
Precautions:
Pregnancy and lactation:
There is no or limited data on the use of potassium chloride and sodium chloride during pregnancy and during breast-feeding. The preparation may be administered during pregnancy and during breastfeeding, if it is indicated from a clinical point of view, then care should be taken.
Side effects:
In patients with severely impaired renal function or severe metabolic disturbances, or in the case of too rapid or too large infusion, a hypersensitivity, acid-base balance disorder, electrolyte imbalance, in particular hypernatremia, hyperchloraemia or potassium poisoning may occur. Symptoms of hyperkalemia include limb numbness, muscle or respiratory paralysis, areflexia, weakness, feeling of tiredness, cool skin, pale skin, confusion, feeling of weakness or heaviness of legs, hypotension, arrhythmia, cardiac block, ECG abnormalities with the occurrence of a two-phase wave and cardiac arrest. Side effects associated with hypernatraemia include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, thirst, decreased salivation and tear, sweating, fever, tachycardia, hypertension, renal failure, peripheral and pulmonary edema, respiratory arrest, headache, dizziness, anxiety, convulsions, coma and death. In the case of too fast infusion of hypertonic or isotonic saline solutions in patients treated for hyponatremia, neurological side effects may occur. Osmotic demyelinating syndrome is characterized by nervous disorders and other symptoms including convulsions, behavioral disorders, variable states of consciousness, swallowing disorders, akinetic mutism, movement disorders, and in severe cases pseudo-bulbar paralysis and quadriplegia. When administering solutions containing 40 mmol / l of potassium or more, local pain and phlebitis may occur.
Dosage:
Intravenously (for a large peripheral vein or central vein). Dosage depends on the age, weight and clinical condition of the patient, in particular in patients with renal or cardiac insufficiency. Dosage and infusion rate should be determined based on ECG and plasma electrolyte monitoring.Adults: K+ in serum> 2.5 mmol / l - maximum infusion rate is 10 mmol / h, maximum concentration 40 mmol / l; <2 mmol / l - maximum infusion rate is 40 mmol / h, maximum concentration 80 mmol / l. The maximum recommended dose of potassium is 2-3 mmol / kg / day. In general, no more than 40 ml solution / kg / day should be administered.Children and youth: dose size and infusion rate will depend on the individual patient's requirements; it may be necessary to reduce the dose and the rate of infusion; the total amount of potassium should not exceed 2-3 mmol / kg / day. The speed of infusion:infusion rate should be determined based on ECG and plasma electrolyte monitoring; sufficient urine flow should be ensured; the maximum infusion rate should not exceed 10 mmol potassium / h for potassium levels in the blood> 2.5 mmol / l, and for concentrations <2 mmol / l - 40 mmol / h.In patients with chronic hyponatremia, the infusion rate should be reduced to a level where the increase in serum sodium does not exceed 0.35 mmol / l / h. The preparation can be administered as long as there are indications for administration of electrolytes and fluids.
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