Preventionpolio in infants, children and adults in primary vaccination and as booster doses.
Composition:
1 dose (0.5 ml) contains: 40 U of inactivated virus D antigenpolio type 1; 8 j. D antigen of inactivated viruspolio type 2; 32 μg of inactivated virus D antigenpolio type 3.
Action:
Vaccine againstpolio containing formaldehyde-inactivated poliomyelitis types 1, 2 and 3. One month after primary vaccination (3 doses), seroprotection rates were 100% for type 1 and 3 and 99-100% for type 2. In infants, the booster dose (4th dose) caused high increase in antibody titres, and seroprotection rates were 97.5-100% for the three types of virus contained in the vaccine. 4-5 years after the supplementary dose, 94-99% of people had a protective antibody level. Immunity persists for at least 5 years after the 4th dose.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to the components of the vaccine, neomycin, streptomycin or polymyxin B. Fever or acute illness - vaccination should be postponed. Do not give intravascularly.
Precautions:
The vaccine should be administered with caution to patients with thrombocytopenia or a coagulation disorder, as bleeding may occur during intramuscular injection. Due to the risk of anaphylactic shock after the administration of the vaccine, the patient should be observed, appropriate medical assistance should be easily available. The immune response after administration of the vaccine may be reduced in immunocompromised patients or those receiving immunosuppressive therapy. In such cases, it is recommended to postpone the vaccination until the end of treatment or to ensure that the patient is properly protected. Patients with chronic immunodeficiency (eg in HIV infection) are advised to vaccinate even if the immune response may be limited by the disease. The vaccine may be indicated in patients who are contraindicated orally and as a booster dose in patients previously vaccinated with an oral vaccine. If primary doses were administered to very premature premature babies (born ≤ 28 weeks of pregnancy), especially if signs of respiratory immaturity were present, respiratory function should be monitored for 48-72 h due to the risk of apnea. In this group of infants, one should not give up vaccinations or defer him.
Pregnancy and lactation:
The vaccine can be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Side effects:
Data from clinical trials. Frequently and very often: reactions at the injection site - redness, pain, induration; fever above 38.1 degrees (in 10% of children after the first dose, in 18% after the second dose, in 7% after the third dose). Data after placing on the market. Very rare: injection site reactions such as edema (may occur within 48 h after vaccination and persist for 1-2 days), enlarged lymph nodes, hypersensitivity reactions (urticaria, angioneurotic edema, anaphylactic reaction, anaphylactic shock), muscle pain and moderate, transient joint pain (within days after vaccination), seizures (isolated or associated with fever within a few days after vaccination), headache, paresthesia (mostly in the lower limbs, within 2 weeks after vaccination), stimulation of drowsiness , irritability in the first hours or days after vaccination (rapidly disappearing), rash, apnea in very premature premature babies (born ≤ 28 weeks of pregnancy).
Dosage:
Intramuscularly or subcutaneously.Primary vaccination. Children after 2 months of age: 3 consecutive doses of 0.5 ml with an interval of 1-2 months. Children after 6 weeks of age: according to the schedule: 6, 10, 14 weeks, in accordance with the recommendations of the extended vaccination program of the World Health Organization . Adults: 2 consecutive doses of 0.5 ml with an interval of 1 or better 2 months.Supplementary dose. Children in the 2nd year: 4th dose (supplementary dose) one year after the third dose. Adults: 3rd dose (booster) after 8-12 months from the second dose. Booster doses are given every 5 years for children and adolescents and every 10 years for adults.The recommended intramuscular injection site is the mid-lateral part of the thigh area in infants and young children and the deltoid muscle in children, adolescents and adults.
(C)
