Active immunization against tetanus in children, adolescents and adults under the Protective Vaccine Program if there are contraindications to the use of DTP, DT and Td vaccines and as a booster dose. Pregnant women who are unvaccinated, but who expect that labor may take place in unhygienic conditions. Tetanus active and passive prevention in the case of contaminated wounds and with a high probability of presenceClostridium tetani. Patients with AIDS or HIV carriers should be vaccinated according to a standard schedule and should always receive human tetanus immunoglobulin (with high titer against tetanus antibodies) or equine anti-tetanus antitoxin regardless of the history of tetanus vaccination.
Composition:
1 dose (0.5 ml) contains not less than 40 IU tetanus toxoid.
Action:
A vaccine that causes active immunity against tetanus. The preparation is obtained from a purified and concentrated tetanus toxoid with strong antigenic properties. It induces an immune system response to produce specific antibodies and to create mechanisms of immune memory. The immunizing properties of the vaccine are enhanced by the adjuvant action of aluminum hydroxide. After a second dose of the vaccine, between 2-4 weeks, 90% of patients achieve immunization, which is short-lived; supplementary dose (the last dose of basic vaccination) provides resistance to 5-10 years. Booster doses provide long-term protection against disease.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or vaccine excipients (thiomersal). acute infections with fever, chronic diseases during exacerbation - vaccination should be postponed. Suspected infection (other than tetanus) during the incubation period. Thrombocytopenia or neurological disorders after the previous dose of the vaccine. In case of any contraindications to TT vaccination, the risk of administering the vaccine to the risk of infection should be assessed. In case of injury and existing contraindications for TT vaccination, the tetanus immunoglobulin should be administered immediately.
Precautions:
Pregnancy and lactation:
Unvaccinated or incomplete vaccinated pregnant women who are exposed to a child in unhygienic conditions should be vaccinated in the second trimester of pregnancy. Women who have received one or two doses of the vaccine before the pregnancy is confirmed should complete the vaccination during pregnancy. Pregnant women who were vaccinated earlier than 10 years ago should receive a booster dose in the second trimester of pregnancy. There is no data on the use during breastfeeding.
Side effects:
There may occasionally be reactions at the injection site: redness, painful swelling, pruritus, itching lymphatic infiltration. Subcutaneous bumps-granulomas, sometimes transforming into aseptic abscesses, can be extremely rare. Granules that do not disappear within 6 weeks can be the result of developing hypersensitivity to aluminum. Very rare: headache, increased body temperature, chills, excessive sweating, malaise (these symptoms usually disappear after 24-48 h); hypersensitivity and gastrointestinal disorders. Extremely rare: thrombocytopenia, renal failure and disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system. The vaccine contains thiomersal and may cause allergic reactions.
Dosage:
Deep subcutaneously (in the deltoid muscle or anterolateral side of the thigh). Primary vaccination - two doses separated by 4-6 weeks (primary vaccination), the third dose after 6-12 months after the second dose (supplementary vaccination). Booster vaccination - 1 dose of vaccine, no sooner than 10 years after the last vaccination. Vaccination of injured people - In cases where vaccination was not carried out, was incomplete or the history of vaccination is uncertain and the risk of tetanus is high: give the tetanus-adsorbed tetanus (Td) or tetanus adsorbed vaccine and human tetanus immunoglobulin (250/500 IU) or horse antitoxin antitoxin (3000 IU), continuation of Td vaccination or tetanus vaccine according to the 0.1,6 months schedule; when the risk is low: only administer the vaccine according to the 0.1,6 months schedule.If more than 10 years have passed since the last vaccine dose and the risk of tetanus is high: give the tetanus-adsorbed tetanus vaccine or tetanus-active tetanus vaccine (1 booster) and human tetanus (250/500 IU) or horse anti-tetanus immunoglobulin anti-tetanus antitoxin (3000 IU); when the risk is low: give only the vaccine (1 booster). If 5-10 years have elapsed since the last vaccine dose: only use the tetanus-type adsorbed vaccine or the tetanus-adsorbed vaccine (1 booster), regardless of the risk of tetanus. If less than 5 years have passed since the last vaccine was administered, the vaccine should not be used; when the risk of tetanus is particularly high, one dose of an adsorbed tetanus-diphtheria vaccine or tetanus-adsorbed vaccine can be administered.
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