What should we know about the role of protein in diabetes?
The protein is necessary for the body during the period of growth and for the repair of the used elements of the cells and tissues of the body. It is consumed to a small extent for energy production. In poorly treated diabetes, the protein may be excessively consumed as an energy fuel, which is detrimental to health.
How much protein should be in the daily standard diet for adults?
Adults - people with diabetes can recommend a protein amount equal to - 10-20% of the energy value of the daily diet. In this it is recommended that in 30-50% they are vegetable proteins. According to statistical data, more protein is consumed in Poland than it results from physiological needs. Therefore, if someone wants to more accurately determine the dose needed for his body, he should accept the principle - a daily portion of protein = 1 g of protein per 1 kg due (optimal to height) body weight. We calculate the body mass in kg of body weight using a simplified method - subtracting 100 from the height measured in cm.
What portion of protein should be given to pregnant women and children?
For children, more protein is added to the diet, which is necessary for growth - 2-4 g per 1 kg of body weight. It is advisable that 60-70% of the body weight should be animal protein. It contains, so-called Exogenous amino acids, which the human body does not produce alone, and which are necessary especially during periods of intensive growth and development. Women suffering from diabetes - during pregnancy or lactation - should consume a bit more full-value protein, ie 1.0 - 1.2 g per kg of body weight.
In which products is the most valuable protein found?
The most valuable is the animal protein contained in lean meat: veal, beef, horse, lamb; poultry (white chicken, turkey meat, skinless); rabbit, venison, lean meats (chicken hams). Equally valuable is dairy protein: from skim milk, curd, yogurt and other non-fat dairy products. It is especially worth recommending gluten from plant proteins, which can be found in high gluten noodles, for example. (But beware, we are sometimes allergic to gluten - this especially applies to young children). A lot of valuable protein is also found in legume seeds, i.e. in peas, beans or soybeans.
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FAT IN DIET DIABETICS
What is the role of fat in the diet?
The average Pole, draws nearly 40% of the energy demand from this source - meanwhile, it should not deliver more than 30% of calories per day. However, this 30% of the calorie reason should not be underestimated, because contrary to well-established views, fat is not only a provider of calories, but a source of vitamins A, E and D that are essential for the body.
Fat and diabetes is an important question: - how much and what fat should a person with diabetes have? It is advisable to have a daily intake:
• fat from animals for slaughter and milk - so-called saturated fat - e.g. butter, cream, fat from meat, cheese, lard, etc. - constituted from 0-10% of the total calories in the diet.
• polyunsaturated fats, which are part of many vegetable oils - it was within 3-7% of the daily portion of calories.
What should we know about dietary cholesterol?
Cholesterol in diabetes is a major threat to blood vessels and circulatory system.The list of products containing a lot of cholesterol should be for the person suffering from diabetes a "list of banned foods", rarely present in the diet. Therefore, do not eat offal (liver, brain, kidneys, tongue) and limit egg yolks to 2-3 per week. It is important to control the level of cholesterol in the blood. It should not exceed 180 mg% of total cholesterol. It is recommended that in the above general content of cholesterol the content of so-called good HDL cholesterol was close to 45 mg%. i.e. 1 total cholesterol.
