We distinguish two types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes - a disease that begins usually violently and requires insulin injections. Type 1 diabetes affects mainly young people and in their prime. Type 2 diabetes affects most often older people - it is insidious and often not noticed by patients for years. Therefore, it is highly dangerous, although it does not usually require insulin injections.
Diabetes, especially type 1, signals its presence quite rapidly through:
- an increased desire whose causes we can not explain
- increased urination, eg 2-3 times more than the daily norm 1-1.5 liters
- increased appetite and eating large portions of food, without gaining weight
In addition to these basic symptoms, you may also experience:
- vaginitis,
- pruritus, skin changes, dryness, flaccidity of the skin,
- worse wound healing,
- impaired vision
Do the above symptoms mean the detection of diabetes?
No. They are so-called non-specific symptoms, i.e. those that can be caused by completely different diseases or temporary metabolic disorders. However, when there are two or three atypical reactions of the body and ailments at the same time - this is already a set of symptoms suggesting the development of diabetes and, at the same time, a reason to measure the level of glucose in the blood. Pathologically high and persistently for months and years, the level of this blood sugar is in fact an objective evidence of diabetes.
The diagnosis of diabetes is shown by high blood glucose values:
WE ARE CONFIRMING WHEN:
1. Double-fast fasting glucose level exceeds 126 mg / dl (7.0 mmol / l)
2. When the plasma concentration in an accidental measurement is greater (or equal) 200 mg / 100 ml (11.1 mmol / l) and there are typical symptoms of diabetes.
We recognize diabetes by measuring glucose with a glucometer
Diagnosis of diabetes with the use of a glucose meter requires confirmation. The final proof of diabetes is the oral glucose challenge test.
The result of the glucose load test after 2 hours can be threefold:
• over 200 mg / dl (11.1 mmol / l) - diagnosis of diabetes (!)
• between 140-200 mg / dl (7.8-11.1 mmol / l) - abnormal glucose tolerance
• below <140 mg / dl (7.8 mmol / l) - normal value - this is only confirmation of the diagnosis of abnormal fasting glycaemia.
In summary - now we believe that we have detected diabetes when:
1. There is a syndrome of the above-mentioned diabetic symptoms and at the same time the glucose content in an accidental blood analysis sample is equal to or greater than 200 mg / dl (11.1 mmol / l).
2. We obtained in a double measurement on the fasting glucose level equal to or greater than 126 mg / dL (7.0 mmol / l)
3. The glucose level in the oral test with 75 grams of glucose is equal to or greater than 200 mg / dl (11.1 mmol / l) after 2 hours.
The presence of sugar in the urine can also be revealed by unrecognized diabetes.
Although it must be remembered that the value of the kidney threshold is individually variable. In some people, sugar passes into the urine already at 160 mg / dl; usually at 180 mg / dl; but for many people with glycemia above 250 mg%, there is no glycosuria yet. In older people, the renal threshold is also typical - so many patients do not have glycosuria, even when the blood glucose significantly exceeds 200 ml / dl (11.1 mmol / l).)
Finally, let's add that we can detect two types of diabetes:
We distinguish two types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes - a disease that begins usually violently and requires insulin injections. Type 1 diabetes affects mainly young people and in their prime.Type 2 diabetes affects most often older people - it is insidious and often not noticed by patients for years. Therefore, it is highly dangerous, although it does not usually require insulin injections.
